William B. Innes
Dr. William B Innes is a retired physical chemist from American Cyanamid Co. Now a Consultant in the air pollution field, he has numerous publications relating to adsorption, catalysis. photo-chemical smog.and acid precipitation Apart from journals, this includes Chapters in books, and Encyclopedia articles. His studies involve exhaust gas treatment, instrumentation and atmospheric phenomena. His biography is included in Marquis Who''s Who in America, 38th Edition and in American Men of Science. He resides in Upland, CA ( E-Mail address: wmbinnes@netscape.net).
The Precautionary Principle (any chemical is guilty until proven innocent) has replaced common sense in assessing risk. According to some enviros, guilt is any real or imagined adverse affect on any life form. This applies at almost any concentration level, regardless of how it is used.
Much of this relates to regulators assuming a linear no-threshold relation between toxicity and dose. Contrary information shows that this is usually wrong. About forty percent of toxics that have been studied are beneficial at low levels. This also applies to radiation. Called hormesis, even the popular media has begun to take notice with feature articles on the subject. It is an extension of the toxicology principle that "the dose makes the poison" (Ray90p109), (Dini04p59-64), (Fortune:6/9/03), (C&EN: 4/5/04), TCS&T:17#4p72, 2004-5.
Another fallacy EPA uses to justify regulations is the assumption that test data on animals far removed from man, such as mice, can be applied to humans. Combining these principles makes it possible to justify almost any control measure. Then, if the facts don’t fit the idealogy, the facts are overlooked.